《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(2): 159-165

植物蛋白质翻译水平的调控

李厚华, 孔伟胜, 魏圆圆, 张海荣*

河南农业大学生命科学学院, 郑州450002

通信作者：张海荣；E-mail: zhhairong@hotmail.com；Tel: 0371-55070851

摘　要：

不同的逆境条件可引起生物机体不同的应答反应, 其中PKR (protein kinase double-stranded RNA-dependent)、PERK (PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase)、HRI (heme-regulated inhibitor)和GCN2 (general control non-derepressible-2)激活后使真核蛋白翻译起始因子2 (eIF2)磷酸化, 抑制蛋白质的翻译起始, 帮助生物体适应各种逆境条件。雷帕霉素的靶蛋白(TOR)是一个进化上相对保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶, 参与细胞生长与增殖、新陈代谢以及蛋白质的翻译等进程, 对细胞的正常生长发育有重要作用。近几年的研究表明, eIF2和TOR介导的信号途径在植物中是保守的, 共同参与了蛋白翻译水平的调控。本文综述了植物中eIF2和TOR介导的信号途径对蛋白翻译过程的调控机制, 以及蛋白质翻译在植物响应逆境中的重要作用。

关键词：GCN2; eIF2; TOR; 蛋白翻译

收稿：2014-11-27   修定：2015-02-05

资助：国家自然科学基金(30600203)和河南农业大学特聘教授启动经费(30500235)。

Regulation of Protein Translation Level in Plants

LI Hou-Hua, KONG Wei-Sheng, WEI Yuan-Yuan, ZHANG Hai-Rong*

College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Corresponding author: ZHANG Hai-Rong; E-mail: zhhairong@hotmail.com; Tel: 0371-55070851

Abstract:

There are different responses in organisms to different stress conditions. Under different stress, activated protein kinase double-stranded RNA-dependent (PKR), PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI) and general control non-derepressible-2 (GCN2) mediate the phosphorylation of α subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2), which inhibits the initiation of protein translation. As a serine/threonine kinase, target of rapamycin (TOR) plays an important role in cell growth and proliferation, metabolism and protein translation. In recent years, hundreds of studies have explored that eIF2 and TOR signals are conservatively involved in the regulation of protein translation in plants. In the review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of eIF2 and TOR signaling and emphasize the importance of protein translation in response to stresses in plants.

Key words: GCN2; eIF2; TOR; protein translation